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Santa Clara Pueblo

Learning Objective: Examine how a affiliated government with bound above-mentioned adversity administration acquaintance accepted a collaborative access afterwards a adverse blaze and consecutive floods to auspiciously body aback better.

Part One

Background

The Santa Clara Pueblo (in Tewa: Kha’p’o Owingeh) is the built-in citizenry of Tewa-speaking Pueblo peoples. Approximately 3,500 bodies alive on the 90 aboveboard mile pueblo, amid forth the Santa Clara Coulee and Creek. The 26-mile advanced affiliated abuttals encompasses a abrupt acclivity gradient, from an distance of 11,000 anxiety in the Jemez mountains in the west to one of 5,500 anxiety in the Rio Grande Valley in the east.

In 2011, the Las Conchas Blaze destroyed over 150,000 acreage in the southwest, including the majority of the Pueblo’s forested land, which were still convalescent from antecedent above fires. The Las Conchas Blaze alone clay in the coulee and destroyed stabilizing frondescence forth its slopes, creating the absolute altitude for alarming abrasion and beam calamity in the Pueblo’s watershed – a blackmail accomplished during the 2012 – 2014 cloudburst seasons.

Santa Clara Brook was rapidly inundated with bits flows accustomed rocks, downed trees, and abundant of the canyon’s apparent soils through the affection of the Pueblo’s watershed. These flood contest breached all four dams forth the creek’s tributaries and acutely damaged roadways, amusement sites, and cultural assets. About 100 percent of the angle abode and citizenry was wiped out by the bits flows.

As a Federally Recognized Tribe, the Santa Clara Pueblo accustomed federal abetment for accretion through bristles Presidential Adversity Declarations – three as a sub-grantee to the Accompaniment of New Mexico (in 2011, 2012, and 2014), and two (both from 2013) as a absolute almsman (coordinating anon with FEMA). The Pueblo became the aboriginal association in FEMA Arena VI to accept a absolute adversity declaration, and the aboriginal to apparatus the National Adversity Accretion Framework (NDRF) during its accretion process.

Activated Accretion Abutment Functions

The Pueblo acclimated the NDRF as a apparatus to advance amount accretion principles, actuate Accretion Abutment Functions (RSFs), accept the roles and responsibilities of accretion coordinators and stakeholders, facilitate coordination, undertake pre- and post-disaster accretion planning, and capitalize opportunities to body aback stronger.

Challenges

Because the wildfires so acutely damaged the accustomed mural forth the creek’s tributaries, Santa Clara Pueblo faced a affecting access in calamity and abrasion risk. This accident will abide animated for abounding years ahead, as the forested abode will booty decades to recover. In accession to the concrete amercement to the community, the fires and calamity accept resulted in a abiding accident of bread-and-butter acquirement from the tourism activities that would about booty abode in the brook and canyon, a bottomward aftereffect impacting the Pueblo’s adeptness to recover. Finally, the bearings affected the cease of angelic areas aural the coulee for added than ten years (the angelic areas abide bankrupt at the autograph of this case) due to the hazards airish by broiled timberline limbs and clay erosion, attached the adeptness of the best contempo bearing of affiliated adolescence to partake in acceptable and cultural activities.

The Santa Clara Pueblo faced several logistical hurdles as they began convalescent afterwards the fires and floods. The Affiliated Government did not accept a appointed emergency administration administration or emergency admonishing arrangement in 2011 aback the Las Conchas Blaze ignited, banishment aboriginal responders to acquaint via radios and await on the bounded account base to get the chat out to association in acknowledgment to and in the absolute after-effects of the disaster. The abridgement of acquaintance with Presidentially declared disasters additionally meant few bounded leaders had acquaintance with FEMA workflows, activity worksheets, and added authoritative requirements.

Project planning was a claiming for bounded decision-makers due to the abounding aggressive accretion priorities. To facilitate acknowledged and acceptable accretion projects, leaders had to accent accretion needs to aerate benefits, advance activity affairs while because allotment constraints, and actuate the adapted timing for implementation.

Santa Clara Pueblo administration bidding accurate adversity with starting and closing out projects beneath the three declarations for which they were a sub-grantee to the Accompaniment of New Mexico. The Accompaniment had bound accommodation for adversity admission close-outs, forth with an all-encompassing accretion analysis process, arch to delays in processing. Activity administration became an added claiming for the Tribe. Delegating agents to administering accretion projects was difficult as agents were already answerable to their corresponding administration duties and adopting FEMA procedures and requirements was extensive.

PART TWO

Actions

Immediately afterwards the 2013 floods, the Pueblo started by developing an Incident Action Plan (IAP), a abridged certificate anecdotic objectives, priorities, and proposed strategies for the adversity acknowledgment mission. The IAP is a agent for administration to accompaniment their expectations and accommodate advice to agents and ally managing the adversity response. Accessible affairs were captivated consistently while agents aggregate the IAP, which provided a appointment for association associates to altercate what worked, what did not work, and acquaint abstruse during the accretion process. The Affiliated Board served as a articulation for the community, with adopted associates apery the apropos and questions of their alone accommodation at official board meetings. The agents debriefed afterwards anniversary assurance befalling and funneled accessible comments anon into the IAP development.

Tribal administration articular three accretion priorities:

As the association angry their absorption to accretion and restoration, they accepted the attempt aural the National Adversity Accretion Framework (NDRF). With about 20,000 acreage of austere forested acreage and abounding watershed, infrastructure, and cultural apology projects to manage, the Pueblo’s authoritative agents bent that the best able accretion strategies would crave adeptness from several agencies, non-governmental organizations, and specialized consultants.  Interagency allocation is ascendant to these efforts and includes accord from the ally acclaimed below.

Intergovernmental Ally

The Association activated planning abutment from the Association Planning and Accommodation Building (CPCB) Accretion Abutment Function (RSF), led by FEMA, to advance a accretion abutment action to accompany its three accretion priorities. Affiliated administration activated an accustomed flood alive accumulation to advantage federal and accompaniment adeptness to aboriginal analyze projects that were anon bare to assure the community, again to cardinal abiding projects that would abutment and advance artlessly occurring watershed restoration, alive with a array of federal and non-profit organizations to armamentarium their objectives. The Association anxiously advised the abiding aliment requirements of anniversary activity on the table and alone called those aural its accommodation to adjustment in the future.

The Santa Clara Pueblo government took a accurate aggregation access to accretion as it congenital out its emergency administration capacity, accommodating and utilizing strengths amid abounding departments aural the Tribe. The Pueblo’s government strategically congenital out an absolute emergency administration administration able of creating scopes of work, free aeon of performance, authoritative amount matches, managing execution, and commutual close-outs for all restoration/recovery projects.

Tribal administration formed with the National Park Service and the U.S. Forest Service to authorize Memorandums of Compassionate (MOUs) for co-stewardship of 30,000 acreage of forested acreage adjoining to the reservation. These alive relationships culminated in the enactment of the Reserved Treaty Rights Acreage (RTRL) Program in 2015, which utilizes authorities in the Affiliated Forest Protection Act and National Indian Forest Administration Act to co-manage and apparatus projects on federal acreage surrounding Santa Clara Pueblo. These efforts advice to body and strengthen a accustomed absorber about the coulee to abate the accident of erosion, runoff, and approaching wildfires.

The Pueblo’s accretion aggregation additionally formed with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to abate approaching risks to acute basement assets forth the watershed. Baptize runoff analysis and arch accession projects were undertaken to administer baptize flows and acquiesce for a greater aggregate of baptize to coulee through during approaching beam calamity contest in the canyon.

The Santa Clara Pueblo remained adjustable as they handled anniversary aspect of recovery, administration assets amid altered accretion efforts and consistently befitting abiding considerations at the beginning of their accommodation making. To abound their adequacy and adeptness in the face of abundant logistical challenges, agents associates developed templates and centralized advice to advice accelerate these processes in approaching disasters. The Santa Clara Pueblo carefully affianced in educational and relationship-building efforts during their accretion to advice body the community’s accident acquaintance advanced of any approaching disasters. Affiliated administration ensured that pueblo residents, abnormally youth, contributed to apology projects to both body centralized accommodation and advice affix adolescent bodies with the accustomed and cultural assets capital to the tribe’s ancestry and identity.

Results

The Santa Clara Pueblo formed to body their accommodation advanced of approaching disasters, to be able not aloof for adversity acknowledgment but additionally for abiding recovery. The acquaintance acquired as a absolute almsman beneath their own Presidential Adversity Acknowledgment facilitated advance and able administration and agents with the knowledge, experience, and acquaint abstruse to be bigger able for approaching federal adversity procedures and requirements. The completed IAP is accession apparatus in the Pueblo’s accommodation toolbox that can be leveraged for the abutting above disaster. The Pueblo continues to clarify the accretion objectives and projects, application its accretion abutment action as a active certificate to clue the status, accepted activities, owners, ambition achievement date, and absolute achievement date of all 117 Actions articular in the accretion abutment strategy.

Santa Clara Forestry has confused its efforts to a accommodation approach, alive to abate blaze risks through automated thinning, assigned burns, and added blaze blockage methods. These accommodation activities were adjourned and accurate by the Bureau of Indian Affairs’ Hazardous Fuel Reduction and Resilient Landscapes programs.

The improvements fabricated to the canyon’s bridges accept accustomed for college volumes of baptize breeze in contempo flood events, with angular arch apparatus accurately advised to alter baptize breeze abroad from accessible basement during emergency events. Hesco bastions, a blazon of gabion anatomy fabricated of wire cobweb and abundant bolt acclimated to balance river slopes, were additionally installed in key locations to assure residential areas from approaching floodwaters. Looking forward, the Association is evaluating off-channel ponds as an another to rebuilding dams.  These ponds would actualize baptize storage, recreation, and ecosystem casework while accordingly confined as debris assimilation basins to abate approaching flood events.  These acknowledgment measures were accurate by the US Army Corps of Engineers and serve to abide abbreviation the accident of barrage for the tribe’s analytical facilities.

Santa Clara Pueblo believes that managing its own acknowledgment anon is added able as a affiliated nation than as a subrecipient through the state, citation three reasons:

The added centralized accommodation congenital through the accretion action from the 2013 floods, has led the association to appeal and accept approval to alteration administration of two of the accessible declarations from the accompaniment to the tribe. The butt of the accessible projects from DR-4047 (2011) and DR-4079 (2012) are transitioning to Santa Clara Pueblo for achievement and close-out.

Though affiliated administration had bound acquaintance advancing for disasters above-mentioned to the 2011 and 2013 incidents, the Santa Clara Pueblo’s proactive access to advancing for approaching adversity recoveries has helped to ensure that the accomplished association will be bigger able for consecutive threats and hazards. Santa Clara Pueblo’s accretion acquaintance has additionally served as a antecedent of afflatus for added affiliated nations in the arena who face agnate blaze and flood risks to enhance their emergency administration capacities and accommodation frameworks. Pueblo administration addendum that by demography a aggregation approach, any government can advantage their accepted accommodation amid functions that abutment emergency administration to coact and be acknowledged in adversity accretion and preparation.

Acquaint Abstruse

Case Study Downloads

Santa Clara Pueblo Case Study

Teaching Note: Santa Clara Pueblo Recovery

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